Ten+Guiding+Principles,+Programming+for+Students+with+ASD

=Ten Guiding Principles, Programming for Children and Youth with Autism Spectrum Disorders=

Introduction
Autism Spectrum Disorders (ASDs) are the largest growing category of disability in the United States. The purpose of this video is to introduce teachers, parents, related service professionals, and pre-service teachers to guiding principles for educating children with autism spectrum and related behavioral and communication disabilities. [|Watch the Introduction] | [|Review the transcript of the Introduction] ==Principle 1: Establish an Effective Communication System== Effective communication is also not just spoken language, but it is behavior, body language, facial expression and much more. Children with ASD may experience difficulties in expressive, receptive or in pragmatic language. These difficulties can often lead to the child using their behavior to communicate. [|Watch Principle 1] | [|Review the transcript of Principle 1] ==Principle 2: Use Visual Strategies and Environmental Supports== There are many tools available to use when making visual strategies and environment supports. Focus on limiting the amount of pure auditory information that is given — Remember ... Think in pictures! Teach in pictures! [|Watch Principle 2] | [|Review the transcript for Principle 2] ==Principle 3: Establish a Daily Schedule and Teach the Child How to Use It== A daily schedule organizes the child's environment and creates predictability. Schedules help the child with daily transitions, with unexpected changes and allow the child to be more independent throughout their day. As the child grows the schedule can become more sophisticated or it can begin to look more like a schedule that you and I may use. [|Watch Principle 3] | [|Review the transcript for Principle 3] ==Principle 4: Use Applied Behavior Analysis to Determine the Communicative Function of the Child's Behavior== Functional behavior analysis is the process of identifying the communicative intent of one's behavior. The primary functions of behavior are escape/avoidance, attention seeking, and trying to obtain a tangible item or sensory input. This process allows you to look beyond the initial behavior to see what the child is trying to tell you. This process works for not just children with autism spectrum disorders but for all people in general. You see, we all use our behavior to communicate. [|Watch Principle 4] | [|Review the transcript for Principle 4]

Principle 5: Shape Self-Stimulatory Behavior
Self-stimulatory behaviors are repetitive movements of the body or objects or repetitive vocalizations. Engaging in self-stimulatory behavior serves a purpose for everyone. The two main purposes it serves are calming or alerting. Self stimulatory behavior should never simply be extinguished. Instead it should be shaped, if necessary, and it should be given a time and a place. [|Watch Principle 5] | [|Review the transcript for Principle 5] ==Principle 6: Discrete trial Instruction is a Useful Tool for Teaching== Traditionally DTI is defined as a structured teaching setting in which the child receives direct attention, instruction, prompting, and reinforcement from an adult. Data are collected through each step of the DTI process to determine whether or not the child has learned the skill. DTI can be a powerful tool when supports are in place to generalize the skill to another environment. [|Watch Principle 6] | [|Review the transcript for Principle 6] ==Principle 7: Identify Reinforcers that are Effective for the Child with ASD== Reinforcement is anything that increases a behavior. Don't assume that you know what a child with ASD likes. Not every child wants an M&M or a goldfish cracker. For some children, it may be necessary to perform a preference assessment to determine what items are reinforcing. [|Watch Principle 7] | [|Review the transcript for Principle 7] ==Principle 8: Provide Frequent Choice-making Opportunities in the Classroom== Choice making is an essential element in programming and can be embedded into the daily schedule and activities. Choice-making allows the child to express self-determination in an acceptable manner. [|Watch Principle 8] | [|Review the transcript for Principle 8] ==Principle 9: Evaluate Your Programming Efforts on a Continual Basis== How do you know if a child is progressing? How do you know when you need to make changes to a child's program? How do you know when a goal has been met? One word, data, can answer all of these questions. [|Watch Principle 9] | [|Review the transcript for Principle 9] ==Principle 10: Keep Lines of Communication Open Between All Team Members== Good communication is key to good teaming and good programming. Communication needs to flow between team members. ..with the parents being vital members of the child's support team. [|Watch Principle 10] | [|Review the transcript for Principle 10]

Conclusion: Summary Remarks
This video presentation is not meant to be all encompassing and does not include every valid practice for supporting and teaching individuals with ASD. In fact, there are many strategies and instructional techniques that are clearly beneficial for children and adolescents on the spectrum. This video was produced to help you provide a basic level support for children in your classroom and in your home. [|Watch the Conclusion] | [|Review the transcript of the Conclusion]

Source: Illinois State University_Ten Guiding Principles